Does racial equity exist in Hong Kong? An FCC panel discusses how the city is addressing racism and cultural divides in 2025

By Hugo Novales

Hong Kong is often referred to as “Asia’s World City” and is home to over 7.5 million people from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. Over 90% of the city’s residents are ethnic Chinese, while the remaining population comes from South and Southeast Asia, Europe, North America, Africa, and other regions.

Despite featuring such a multicultural landscape, racial tension still exists in Hong Kong. Ethnic minorities (Indonesians, Filipinos, Indians, Pakistanis, and Nepalese) face systemic challenges when it comes to education and employment, even if their families have lived in Hong Kong for generations. These groups have also been depicted negatively in local media whenever reports of crime or societal issues make the headlines.

To discuss race relations in Hong Kong, the FCC held a dinnertime discussion with three experts: Jeffrey Andrews, the city’s first-ever ethnic minority social worker; SCMP’s Kathryn Giordano; and Innocent Mutanga, a former asylum seeker who founded the Africa Center Hong Kong.

Leading the discussion was FCC Clare Hollingworth Fellow Jay Ganglani, who also grew up in Hong Kong and has covered issues relating to the city’s ethnic minorities throughout his journalism career.

Ganglani first asked if each of the panellists believed that racial equity (fairness and impartiality) exists for Hong Kong’s ethnic minorities. They all agreed that equity was still a long-term goal.

“[Racial equity] is still a challenging thing we’re going through in Hong Kong,” said Andrews as he recalled many instances of being stopped by the police who wanted to check his HKID. He also cited the lack of Cantonese education in non-Chinese schools — and the mere existence of segregated schools — which can result in diminished job prospects for the city’s ethnic minority youth.

Giordano, an SCMP reporter who specialises in covering ethnicity and race stories in Hong Kong, agreed that improving the local education system would help the city’s non-Chinese population.

“With hopefully more education and exposure, [we] can slowly start to help these students and these members of society,” she said.

Giordano also explained how newsrooms may accidentally mislead their audiences to draw unfair conclusions about different ethnic groups. She finds that the media in Hong Kong and the US (where she’s originally from) can both improve how they handle stories on diversity. Given this shortcoming, she aims to set a good example for other reporters to follow and help improve the lives of Hong Kong’s ethnic minorities.

“I hope I’ve been able to highlight some of these ways in which young people, students, and people who are starting their careers [all] have such obstacles to overcome just [because of] their background,” she said.

For Innocent Mutanga, his evolution from asylum seeker to investment banker has shown him how both status and race intersect in Hong Kong. Throughout his time in Hong Kong, he’s noticed how people may interact with him differently if depending on how they view him — as an African, or an asylum seeker, or an investment banker.

These nuances in his own personal identity are what motivates Mutanga to continue his work as a community leader aiming to change racial stigma and bias in Hong Kong.

“What I do in terms of the refugee or asylum-seeking community, I do it because I’m part of the community. I’m never out of it. I’m still part of the community,” Mutanga said. “If I think I have made it, but somebody else hasn’t made it, it means we all haven’t made it.”

Like Mutanga, Andrews also believes that despite defying adversity and becoming an impactful leader, he’s still part of the community as well. For him, truly “making it” would mean that all of Hong Kong’s ethnic minorities would simply be viewed as regular citizens.

“Hopefully in a few years’ time, we can just be called Hong Kongers. In America, you’re called American. In Singapore, you’re Singaporean. But in Hong Kong, you’re still ethnic minority, refugee, [or] domestic helper,” he said.

This Club Lunch is available on the FCC’s podcast The Correspondent: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2M9CDzm6Fufjy4K2vbmAEW?si=o-u0SYDPS_-TQF6fHD50vQ

To watch the full discussion, please visit the FCC’s YouTube channel: